The Effects Of Electronic Communication On The Workplace

6. A last minute emergency will not permit you to meet with each of the manufacturers. Instead you notify each that you will negotiate by email. EXPLAIN: [5 Points] a. The benefits of negotiating in writing? Even though, written communication is most vulnerable to unintended communication (Corvette, 2007) it may very well be a good form of negotiation when it comes to the retail store owner. Within this case, the store owner could filter out all outside noises caused by other environmental factors i.e. machines, employees/ nosey employees, also persuasion from the manufactures will be minimized due to no emotional involvement therefore, creating a more direct pitch from both side involved. The text further states that electronic communication is becoming more important in negotiations. It is prudent to be aware of what has developed in expression emotion through electronic forms (Corvette, 2007). Furthermore, the confrontation of these styles of communication in the same negotiation can lead to friction. For example, the indirect ways Japanese negotiators express disapproval have often led foreign business executives to believe that their proposals were still under consideration when in fact the Japanese side had rejected them (Salacuse, 2004) . b. The detriments of negotiating in writing? Written communication is most vulnerable to unintended communication (Corvette, 2007), in personal experiences sends a text message it is hard to read the emotion with theShow MoreRelatedThe Factors That Influence Business Communication872 Words   |  4 Pagesembed the core competencies into our workforce and communication. The future offers us new tools to use, but first we must understand them before we can use them. We will explore future communication trends in the workplace, how the trends relate to the four factors that influence business communication, and which trends are likely to affect a Human Resources career. The advancements in technology have always seemed to control the communication trends in today’s workforce. For instance, the developmentRead MoreEssay On The Use Of Monitoring Techniques Used In The Workplace902 Words   |  4 Pages Marcia Leath ENGL 735 16/10/2017 The Use of Monitoring Devices at the Workplace For the past decade, many companies have changed their way of using modern technologies. Therefore, it has resulted in newer strategies to manage employees at the workplace. The increased usage of surveillance and monitoring have caused concerns for both employees and employers. These technologies should not be allowed at the workplace because it can create poor working environment and violates privacy rights. TheRead MoreThe Influence of Electronic Employee Monitoring on Organizational Culture962 Words   |  4 PagesElectronic Employee Monitoring Alder, G. (2001) is a study conducted on electronic performance monitoring using prior research. (Alder, 2001) It suggests that the influence of EPM is strongly based on organizational culture. Organizations use EPM to increase productivity, improve quality and service, reduce costs, avoid legal liability and negative publicity, and guard against security breaches. Critics argue that EPM invades consumer and employee privacy, decreases job satisfaction, increasesRead MoreThe Rights and Ethics of Employees with Respect to Privacy at Work788 Words   |  4 PagesEmployees with Respect to Privacy at Work Widespread use of electronic communications media such as e-mail and information resources such as the Internet has prompted many employers to engage in electronic surveillance of their employees. 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With the fear of terrorists in todays world, we have been willing to sacrifice some of our individual rights for the rights of a society as a whole. A majority of these changes have taken place since September 11, 2001, in an attempt to prevent future terrorist attacks. New legislation, such as the USA Patriot Act, which decreases the limitations on the federal governments abilityRead MoreThe Value Of Digital Privacy In An Information Technology Age1799 Words   |  7 Pagesthree monitoring approaches is the continual capturing of e-mail traffic to the packet level including all e-mail interchanges, regardless of the type of account, over TCP/IP networks. This approach to capturing data to the specific byte level of communication is indexed, aggregated and used to capture an overall digital fingerprint of potentially threats (Freeh, 1999). The sophistication of this technologies are impressive as they can also monitor all cell-phone calls, text message sand land-line monitoringRead MoreIn modern times Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become ever-present in life.800 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern times Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become ever-present in life. Sometimes it feels as though it is encroaching on daily routine but the advantages it offers in both personal and working life are prodigious. This essay will examine the impact ICT currently has, on private life and at work. The issues arising from the developments of these technologies will also be given consideration. 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Two Ways to Belong in America Free Essays

America Dream† she never lost who she was. She never lost her Indian background. Two sisters went to America, so that they can get a great education and also a great Job. We will write a custom essay sample on Two Ways to Belong in America or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though they had the same idea coming to America, they both went different ways. These two sisters, they are exactly the same. They have some differences but then it starts happening when they get married. Mira gets married to an Indian man and Bharati gets married to an American man. Mira worked hard to make a living so that when she is ready to retire she has enough to move back to India. Bharati traveled around North America with her husband being an American citizen. Mira wasn’t a citizen and her boss wanted a labor certification, but she couldn’t provide it so she felt like she was being used. Mira paid her taxes, she loves America and she loves India. She believes that they should start the bill for immigrants who come into the country after the bill has been passed. I feel that Mira doesn’t have to be in love with the country but she puts enough dedication to the country that she wants to be a citizen so she doesn’t have to go back to India. In the end Bharati explains that her sister Mira is an example of a bigger issue that many people come to America on visa’s and when it’s over they want to stay because they think it’s a great place. How to cite Two Ways to Belong in America, Papers

Persuasive Essay Minecraft free essay sample

The player takes on an avatar that can destroy or create blocks on multiplayer servers and single player worlds across multiple game modes. You can also form fantastic structures, creations, and artwork. Minecraft is game amazing game that everyone, including you, should play. Many people face the many emotions of life, whether it’s sad, happy, bored, or curiosity. With Minecraft, you can play the game to cure your emotions. For instance, if you’re curious, start an adventure on Minecraft. This game was built as an above, and below adventure world. Your time could be so preoccupied with mining, creating, harvesting that you forget the fact that you’re bored or sad. One of the main goals in Minecraft is hunting for diamonds, which is the rarest block to find. When you find a diamond block you get filled with all this excitement and sense of confidence because you kept pushing to find the diamonds. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Essay: Minecraft or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you like more of the thrilling excitement you could also fight the nocturnal monsters. Monsters including Creepers, Skeletons, Zombies, Spiders, and even Witches are always out for your life, if you’re on a non-peaceful gamemode. Those monsters can always spawn out of any patch of darkness and you will always have the thrill of killing them with anything including your sword or even a hoe. With supported evidence, Minecraft has already been a largely popular game and is a logical choice if you are deciding to do with your time. For example, on Youtube’s front page, you will always see Minecraft videos. These channels display all the things you can do on Minecraft, and without them knowing, it is basically advertising the game. Furthermore, they are on Youtube’s front page because they are the most favorited and commented on videos, basically the cool kids of school. Minecraft received five awards from the 2011 Game Developers Conference. It was awarded the Innovation Award, Best Downloadable Game Award, and the Best Debut Game Award from the Game Developers Choice Awards They were also awarded the Audience Award, as well as the Seumas McNally Grand Prize, from the Independent Games Festival in 2011. In 2012, Minecraft was awarded a Golden Joystick Award in the category Best Downloadable Game. As of December 6, 2012, the game has sold over eight million copies on PC and over twelve million copies across all platforms. Recently, Minecraft also had enough fans to start â€Å"Minecon† where Crafters everywhere get together to display their worlds, discuss the game great success (but mostly to brag about their works). If you believe in the idea of fun and excitement while learning without knowing it, Minecraft is your game. Minecraft. net has a section within their site titled â€Å"The Benefits†. These benefits mostly include education skills, as well as team collaboration. Some of the education skills include math, geometry, and computer science. When you build things in Minecraft it starts as a basic substance, and you need the right amount of ingredients to get the finished product which includes a lot of math. On the multiplayer option of Minecraft team work is a constant thing needed to be successful. From creating large structures, or even fighting of mobs good communication skills are developed to become a better player and furthermore onto a better person in general. An article written by Austin Sirkin researched into the benefits of playing Minecraft and believes it’s an outlet for kids with ADD and ADHD who have unlimited thoughts because the game has limitless actions. Minecraft is one of those games that have it all. Minecraft is basically a â€Å"more fun† version of teachers. The game gets all these incredible awards, as does a teacher. It also teaches us valuable things for the future, and teachers do too. But most importantly, Minecraft is always here whatever you’re feeling that day and will work with you, the same way teachers do. However Minecraft â€Å"one-ups† teachers by not giving homework, and cooking pumpkin pie. So take the time to try something new, and play Minecraft. Work Cited Persson, Markus. Minecraft. Minecraft. Mojang AB, n. d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. lt;http://minecraft. net/gt;. Persson, Markus. Minecraft Wiki. The Ultimate Resource for All Things Minecraft. Curse Sites, 11 Dec. 2012. Web. 12 Dec. 2012. lt;http://www. minecraftwiki. net/wiki/Minecraft_Wikigt;.

Schindlers List Essay free essay sample

Question: ‘Schindler’s List’ is no less a â€Å"Jewish story† or a â€Å"German story† than it is a human story. And its subject matter applies to every generation. We will write a custom essay sample on Schindlers List Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ’ [Stephen Spielberg] Discuss. The film ‘Schindler’s List’, directed by Steven Spielberg and based on the novel Schindler’s Ark, by Thomas Keneally, gives us an insight into the corruption and destructive capabilities of humans. This film portrays many themes, all of which are evoked due to the factual historical event of the Jewish Holocaust which occurred in Germany during WWII. The exploration of the themes of hope, use and misuse of power, the nature of evil and courage makes this film prominent over others. Spielberg’s purpose in making this film was to raise awareness of the horror experienced by the victims during this era and to inspire todays and future generations to understand the impact of, and end, such prejudice. As such, we are presented a human story, the subject matter of which applies to every generation. The film focuses on the Holocaust, an era when millions of Jews and others were murdered for their ethnicity and religious beliefs – an era which many wish to forget. Although one of the darkest periods in human history, many people of all ages know little, if anything about it. Spielberg’s film enables an understanding to develop in the viewer and thus, encourage respect for the Jewish people in light of the brutal facts. As the film opens, Oskar Schindler is portrayed as an ordinary German businessman with one thing on his mind – money. The film opens showing a man dressing with impeccable style, his face unknown. The Swastika lapel pin identifies him as a member of the Nazi party; a significant symbol throughout the film. The technique of keeping the man’s identity a mystery suggests that to begin with he is a ‘no one’; however, as future events take place, his name and actions become a significant imprint in history. Initially Schindler sees the Jewish people as any other German would – slave labour, a way for him to make easy money. His ability to connect with the Jews seems to be lacking, yet the first flicker of a bond is shown when he saves his accountant, Itzhak Stern from Auschwitz. Up until the liquidation of the Ghettos, Schindler was oblivious to the reality of the war. He was only focused on himself and his own well being, rather than looking at the bigger picture. During this incident, Schindler’s attention is directed to a young girl in a red coat. This isolated element of colour is surrounded by a sea of black and white, representing the innocence of the Jews being slaughtered. The instant Schindler sights the child it marks the moment when he is forced to confront the horror of Jewish life during the Holocaust and his own hand in it. We witness the beginning of Schindler’s redemption and Spielberg’s exploration of the universal theme of loss of innocence in the face of the abuse of power, and the courage of those who stand against such negative forces. As the film progresses, Schindler’s attitude begins to change, along with his view about life. The contrast of black and white allows the director to deepen the impact of the story. This contrast marks Schindler’s face, which is often half in shadow, reflecting his selfish, dark side. However, his face becomes more lit as he makes the transformation from war profiteer to saviour. Although Schindler initially made small attempts to save the Jews, he didn’t have the true motivation to put his heart and soul into becoming a saviour. However, later in the film, as Schindler sees the body of the little girl in the red coat being exhumed and wheeled into the fire under the direction of Nazi officers, he decides to save as many Jews as he can with his profits from the war – the death of the young child was the death of innocence and Schindler’s hope. Stern, with Schindler’s assistance, types a list of 1,100 Jewish workers known as, â€Å"Schindler’s List†. The list is an absolute good. The list is life. All around its margins lies the gulf† (Itzhak Stern). Lists are an extremely important motif in the film, the majority of them symbolising evil and death, however Schindler’s list represents pure good and hope. Without this list, thousands of descendents of the Schindlerjuden would not be alive today – th ey owe their lives to one man. ‘Schindler’s List’ explores the issue of power and the misuse of power. The differences between Oskar Schindler and Amon Goeth clearly display the different viewpoints regarding power and its use. Schindler wields a great deal of power, mainly due to the amount of money he has, whereas Goeth, the Nazi commander of Plaszow, uses his power to corrupt and destroy human lives. Amon was a man who wavered on the brink of madness. His sick sense of reality was shown throughout the film. His intense hatred for Jews led him to perform horrific acts of cruelty, portraying his misuse of power. A prime example of this is when he willingly and callously shoots innocent Jews from his villa balcony at the Plaszow labour camp. His inability to see the Jews as humans allows him to kill without sympathy, justification and guilt. Amon’s power is fuelled by fear, making him the symbol of evil in the film. He takes pride in extinguishing the Jewish Ghetto and rules the Plaszow labour camp without mercy. When a Jewish engineer advises him that he needs to re-pour a foundation, he has her instantly executed – her seemingly black blood spreads through the pure white snow. This contrast in colours emphasises the split between good and evil. The blood pouring from the victim’s head is both literally and metaphorically the life blood pouring out of the Jewish race. We begin to define the line between good and evil and the way in which it can corrupt human beings. The message portrayed that evil and the misuse of power is an ongoing matter, one in which could affect anyone and is partially an involuntary act – the evil animalistic behaviour becomes engraved into minds; like Goeth. Goeth can also be considered to be Schindler’s foil, as they can parallel one another in many ways. At the beginning of the film, this parallel is shown through the use of mirrors and reflections, however, as the film progresses along with the character transformations, they become opposites. Like Schindler, Goeth is a practical man, not a thinker, but also fancies himself as someone of great importance; he also has a weakness for liquor. However, what defined the two as good and evil was that, unlike Schindler, Goeth was a cruel man who was physically abusive. He uses his power to construct a road paved with Jewish headstones, symbolising the destruction of the Jewish race. Amon seems to be unsatisfied with merely wiping out existing Jews, so by planning the road he denies acknowledgement of many Jews final resting places. Despite his intense hatred for Jews, he is intoxicated by his Jewish maid, Helen Hirsch. Unable to touch Helen in love, his only acceptable option is to lash out at her with a horrific display of violence. â€Å"I would like so much to reach out and touch you in your loneliness. Is this the face of a rat? Are these the eyes of a rat? Hath not a Jew eyes? I feel for you, Helen. [leaning to kiss her] No, I dont think so. You Jewish bitch, you nearly talked me into it, didnt you? He quotes Shakespeare’s Shylock from the Merchant of Venice showing that Goeth temporarily pauses in his rampage and listens to the voice of his victims, in this case Helen Hirsch. For a critical moment evil seems to pause and consider the fact that it may be possible to love this ‘creature’, although Amon’s face tells us no. His fists thrash out not so much at Helen, but at the recognition that he is doomed to loneliness by his evil By watching this film and witnessing the effects power can have on people, viewers can learn and gain a certain level of respect for those who are successful global leaders. Schindler’s List displays Amon Goeth as an evil man who abuses power, but Spielberg also manages to show an unexpected depth and complexity to his character, displaying the tentative impression of how quickly power can change from good to evil. Throughout the generations good and evil have had a diverse range of meanings, each person with a different denotation. In practical thinking, even the most malicious criminal may contain a strong sense of love or compassion, whether towards parents, partners of children. Every person is capable of the noblest good or horrific evil; it just depends on the will power of the individual. Good and evil are inseparable aspects of life . â€Å"Schindler’s List† is a true story which follows the man, Oskar Schindler and his transformation from war profiteer to saviour. Viewers watch this man’s actions become significant in history, but at the same time they begin to increase an understanding and connection with the Jewish people, in particular Schindler’s Jews. WWII in Germany was an act of mass destruction and loss of life , in this historic circumstance six million Jewish and five million other lives were lost. These large numbers makes portraying the Holocaust accurately extremely difficult. However, Spielberg has managed to replace the vast numbers of Jewish people sacrificed during WWII with specific faces and names, enabling readers to make personal connections with the characters, positive or negative. Viewers follow the stories of various different Jewish families Caja and Danka Dresner, Mila and Poldek Pfefferberg amongst others. Viewers meet these characters at the beginning of the film and follow their journey’s closely, beginning to develop a connection to these individual victims, who represent the vast numbers of the entire Holocaust. By using this individualism, it forces viewers to confront the horror on a personal level, and to realise that every victim had a story, loved ones, a home and a life. To perceive the Jews of the Holocaust simply as a group or race dehumanises them a second time, removing their individuality and uniqueness, each person was a separate being and deserved respect – respect that the Nazi’s refused to give. In today’s society people still remain unique, their differences and individuality making the world a multicultural and diverse country. Oskar Schindler himself also embodies this idea of recognising and caring for the individual, he begins to learn names, resulting in his extensive list. He is unable to stand by and watch his workers perish, he has made a personal connection with them and by seeing them die, and it is once again the death of innocence. Schindler embraces the chance to save his Jewish workers, at one point he grabs Danka Dresner on her way back to Auschwitz and shows her tiny fingers to a Nazi officer, pointing out that only little fingers like her can polish the inside of small shell casings in his factory. His courage could have killed him hundreds of times, yet he still prevailed saving thousands of lives. This connection and courage allowed the Jews to gain hope, Schindler is their light, their saviour. As the war ends, Schindler is forced to flee as he is now considered a criminal. In an almost ironic twist Schindler himself is presented with a list of all 1,100 worker signatures, vouching that he is a good man with honourable intentions. Stern gives Schindler a gold ring, with the inscription, â€Å"Whoever saves one life, saves the world entire†. Schindler breaks down, stating that he should’ve saved more lives. He shows that even the most collected people have a weak point and Schindler’s was guilt and regret. Schindler flees and the next day his workers walk free, marching to the tune of a Hebrew song. This black and white scene dissolves into colour and the actors/actresses turn into â€Å"The Schindler Jews Today† Spielberg carries the idea of individualism through to the final scene in the film, over 100 of the real Schindlerjuden appear. In tribute, each of the survivors places a stone on the gravestone of Oskar Schindler, accompanied by the actors who portrayed them in the film. For every life saved, one rock is placed on the grave. The last mourner places flowers on the gravestone and stands with his head bowed, this is Liam Neeson. By connecting the real life survivors into the film it proves that the characters are real, not fictional and shows proof that the holocaust was real and shouldn’t be denied, it was a significant event in Human history and should be acknowledged. Although the war ended a long time ago, the impact and impression it left still remains. Hearts have been broken, families lost. Yet still in a time of never ending darkness, there was light. This light was Schindler – he saved the lives of more than just 1,100 Jews – there are over 7,000 descendents of the Schindler Jews and they would not be alive unless one man decided to stand up against evil. Schindler’s list was not only the story of Jews and Germans, it was a human story. One which connects to every generation, enabling mistakes to be corrected and people to be forgiven, this can be done through learning and understanding, the holocaust shall remain in the minds and heart of thousands of people.

CE101 Essay Example

CE101 Essay Example CE101 Paper CE101 Paper What is NAEYC? National Association for the Education of Young Children (professional organization with standards for the ECE profession) What are child-initiated activities? activities that are chosen and directed by children. What are teacher-directed activities? activities that are planned, selected, and directed by the teacher. What are developmental domains? the major areas of human development: physical cognitive socio-emotional What are inclusive classrooms? classrooms that meaningfully integrate all children, including those with disabilities. What is the IDEA? Individuals with disabilities act; a 1975 law that ensures access to equal learning environments for all children with disabilities. What is NCLB? The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001; a law that seeks to improve the quality of education and improve outcomes for all students.

Beginner English Grammar Review

Beginner English Grammar Review Once youve taught a beginning level class for a few months, its time for review. There are so many new learning points over the course of a class that students need to revisit what they have learned. In order to do this, we like to do a bit of what we call grammar banging. Students take a quiz which has a question for each type of learning point the class has covered. The point of this exercise is to encourage students to discuss each point to review together. We like using this exercise in small groups to raise awareness of what has already been learned and where problems still lie. The sheets provided in these grammar banging reviews are very effective because each question focuses on one important, specific area. Aim Grammar review of the most important intermediate level English tenses, structure, and functions Activity Grammar banging multiple-choice review lesson with each question focusing on a specific point Level Beginner Outline This is straight-forward stuff. Make the copies and give them to the students.Have each student do the sheet by him/herself.Ask students to compare answers and discuss differences, each student trying to explain his/her choice.A correct sheet as a class. Review each grammar point quickly - you should get a lot of Oh, yeah.....Give the students an unmarked copy of the same exercise to repeat at home to solidify the review exercise. Grammar Banging - Review your English - 1 Choose the correct word to fill in the gap. Are there ______ apples in the kitchen?muchanysomeThat is _____ interesting book.theaanI went ______ church last Sunday.atintoWhat _____ he like? - He is very friendly.doesdidisI ________ a new car last month.boughthave boughtbuyedHow ________ money do you have in your pocket?manyfewmuchHe came ______ home late last night.-attoJack is a nice boy, and I like _____.-himhisI get up ______ seven oclock every day.inonatI like __________ music.listenlisten tolistening toWhat __________ in your free time?you dodo you doare you doingMy father _______ in a bank.worksworkis workingWould you like _______ coffee?anyansome Exercise 1 Printing Page Beginner Grammar Banging Page 2Back to lessons resource page

Logic and critical thinking class Research Paper

Logic and critical thinking class - Research Paper Example This paper, therefore, discusses children as victims or media victimize offenders in a crime. As a result, it discusses the manner in which media conduct interviews and news coverage, whether they stick to legal requirements, and access the manner in which children are victimized in the reporting processes. Victimization of Children Currently, media is seen as a source of all social problems in the world. Media not only provides access to but also constructs social problems in view of their multiple effects on people. It has been blamed by wide group of people including critics and theorists for promoting crimes against humanity such as violence, sexism, racism, homophobia, and other oppressive phenomena. Media has caused social harm by negatively influencing children and youth, pornography, degradation of women, and promotion of excessive materialism (Tandon, 2007). There is rising concern over issues to do with media interviewing victims at the wrong time, recording and airing clip s of bodies, revealing the negative sides only, revealing identity of juveniles, and inappropriate digging into the past of victims. The media coverage on crime gives rise to increased responses from community, which include vigilance, sorrow, revenge, and caution. A critical exploration of social media coverage of crime victims is crucial in the development of crime policy and popular imagination. Not all victims of a crime receive equal treatment in the social media news. In most cases, intense media coverage is devoted to victims with a questionable past are regarded as ‘ideal’. The ideal victims refer to a person or individuals who receive a legitimate status of being a victim upon being hit by a crisis (Tandon, 2007). This category of victims includes defenseless, innocent, vulnerable, and worthy of sympathy victims. Elderly women and children categorically fit into this group. On the contrary, young men, homeless people, drug addicts, and others marginalized in th e society may find it difficult to attain the status of legitimate victims (Nielson, 2003). In addition, media may misrepresent, under-represent, or over-represent victims of crime. Since children and adolescents are seen as future leaders, any engagement in deviant practices is viewed as declination of the society into moral chaos. The concentration on children means that deviant behaviours lead to more victimization than would have been involved if adults were involved. Under the law, children are not deviant from birth. Their behaviour is influenced by socio-economic factors and psychological problems. The law therefore, protects children and provides them with facilities for rehabilitation. The Rights of the Child in the UN Convention states that one is regarded a child until he or she reaches the age of 18. Consequently, the juvenile Act of 2000 also mentions that 18 years is the age of children. Therefore, it is illegal to publish or air any information regarding persons less than 18 years in the media. However, it is common to spot violation of this law in the media. The analysis below proves the claim (Fritz, 1992). In an article that appeared in Times of India in 2003, two children were published as being responsible for heinous crimes. Indeed, their actions were strange and needed condemnation; however, the media should have exercised some strain in reporting the crimes since the victims were minors. The article portrayed a very negative

How technology, with particular emphasis on the internet and Essay

How technology, with particular emphasis on the internet and computers, has changed world culture - Essay Example However after the introduction of automobiles it can be seen that even the third world countries of Pakistan and Bangladesh have started using them. People nowadays prefer travelling in automobiles than travelling in these carriages. Computers and internet similarly have had a huge impact on the cultural values of people. Previously people believed in interacting with each other through different means but never was it known that these people would interact through the digital world soon. After the introduction of computers, internet has evolved as a massive force controlling a group of the society. People interact through internet so easily that many prefer using it as a medium for interacting other than anything. Previously the culture of meeting in real was common for people however as times have changed it can be seen that the culture has also changed. With the evolvement of internet social networking websites have been given a way to change the culture previously prevalent. Face book, MySpace and Twitter are some examples of these networking sites which allow people to interact through the digital world. People usually prefer sitting at their homes and interacting with their friends and family members through these networking sites. It is here that a conflict arises between the new culture and the old culture.

Black Women Essay Example for Free

Black Women Essay In high school I have always worked to get what I want and need I have been working my way through high school doing what I can so that I want have to ask my single parent mother for anything. The lesson for me in doing that has showed me that it’s not going to be easy to get what I want. I have been to many different schools and 5 different states and I have experienced a lot of things as I have grown. High school is just the start to going to college or any plans for after high school. My senior year has not been the easiest I’m at a new school again in another state. I left a lot behind in Columbia, SC and now I’m starting over. After high school I plan on going to college to get my BSN/RN degree. I choose this major because for the past few years my grandfather and great-grandfather have been struggling with cancer. My grandfather has always had health problems and since I was a little girl he has told me that I should be a nurse or a doctor so I can take care of him. He has been a major motivation for me to go to college and to pursue my dreams. I choose to write a paper on black women and their hair because Arlidian J. Pearson. - 9333 Old Concord Rd. Unit E Charlotte, NC [emailprotected] com To attend a 4-year college and get a degree and continue to work my way to get to what my dreams are in life. EDUCATION * Vance High SchoolCharlotte, NC 28213September 2012-present3. 3gpa Graduate in June 2013 * A. C. Flora High SchoolColumbia, SC 29209August 2011-May 20123. 1gpa * Richland NortheastColumbia, SC 29209August 2010-May 20123. 0gpa EXPERIENCE/WORK HISTORY * Wendy’sColumbia, SC 29209cashierMay 2011-May 2012 * Run registers * Maintain dining room and restock inventory. * Child Care Columbia, SC 292092010-2012 * Provide child care for several families’ afterschool, weekends and during school vacations. * CosmetologyColumbia, SC 292092010-present * Provide hair care services for several friends and family MEMBERSHIPS/ACHIEVEMENTS * Academic Honor Roll2010-2011 * JROTC-E5 rank2009-2011 * iLink Honors Technology Program2010-2011 VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE/EXTRACURRIULAR ACTIVITES * Breast cancer awareness walk2011 * Homeworks-rebuilding homes for the helpless2010 * Adopt-a-Highway2010 2011 * Student Council2011 LANGUAGE COMPUTER SKILLS * Spanish2010-present. * Can read and write up to level 3 in Spanish * Mac PC * Microsoft Word, PowerPoint and Excel, and Internet * Internet and Word etc. REFERENCES * Jackie HallMentor/Aunt17 years336-862-5054 * Destiny DanielsEx-Coworker2 years919-273-3433 Tyra Banks did a show on African American Women and their hair. She discovered that â€Å"black women spend more money on hair products than any other culture in America. † Black women often face judgment strictly based on their choice of hair styles. Black women are often forced to conform to what â€Å"white America† considers to be â€Å"professional† or appropriate for business. Black women have become accustom to changing who we are to be accepted in a society that has a history of not accepting us. This has led to many of black women having a lack of acceptance of them. Many times other cultures look upon black women with misunderstanding but something as simple as black women embracing their hair completely changes the perception of how others perceive us! Being natural is empowering and most women that I have encountered who are natural seem to have a better understanding of who they are and seem to be more prideful of their heritage. That feeling of empowerment that one feels on the inside is perceived by others. In the Black community, hair that was straight or soft and curly and closely resembles white hair was considered to be â€Å"good hair† and hair that was closely related to African heritage was considered to be nappy hair. This simple perception of good and bad hair has deeply penetrated the black community as a form of self hatrated. It’s not good hair to have straight hair; hair can easily break off with straight hair because of the chemicals put in it. Bad hair is not necessarily nappy, kinky or thick hair, society has put black women in a box to how their hair should look and feel. Even though major increases in daily maintenance are no longer, the days when you can brush your doobie wrap and go. Natural hair is stronger because it can handle chemicals from hair dye better than permed hair and healthier hair that’s not stripped away of natural oils. More and more African American women are beginning to embrace that which is their natural hair. Black women are beginning to whine themselves from the creamy crack, once called â€Å"perm†. Black women are now feeling empowered to be Naptural! As a black woman growing up in a black household my mother taught me that the best me is the real me and with that came my natural hair. Without your hair being what â€Å"they† want it to look like and not trying to be what the people at school wear their hair like or the people in that big corporate office see your hair as. People are influenced by what the people around them look like. When I look around I’m proud to say that I may wear a weave or I have my hair covered up by someone else’s hair(not actually) but it’s not because I don’t love my hair it’s because I tried to fit in with the straight look that now I have damaged unhealthy hair. When someone walks in a room, what is the first thing you see? Their hair right, if their hair doesn’t look how it should or it’s not up to par the first thing that pops into mind is if you chose not to talk to that person or be their friend right. If you don’t think so then think about when someone walked into the room what was the first thing that popped into your head, I was right you looked directly at the hair, head or face you noticed that you wasn’t going to communicate with that person because of what’s sitting on their shoulders. John W. Fountain from suntimes. com says â€Å"If I were Gabby’s daddy, I’d tell her, â€Å"You are beautiful just the way you are — whether your hair is in gel and bobby pins, whether thick or thin, or fashioned in woolen locks, or trimmed in a short natural, or even in two big Afro puffs. † I’d tell her, â€Å"Girl, you’ve got the right stuff! † If I were Gabby Douglas’ daddy, I’d tell her, â€Å"You can be happy with your hair nappy. † I’d tell her that it’s not what’s on her head but what’s inside her head and heart that matters. That your hair was made by your creator, fashioned from DNA that makes you uniquely you. That your hair is beautiful the way it sprouts at its roots from your head. That black hair is not a curse but your blessing. That something as minuscule as hair is not the sum of you. † This is just a reference to how somebody that can go as far as the Olympics at age 16 and win multiple gold medals be criticized about her hair. This just shows how much hair can be a deal breaker making people around see that even though you are the best at what you do, it doesn’t change how people see you in appearance. Natural Women. Black women these days are discovering that their own natural hair is the best hair its free bouncy full and all of the things a women works so hard to get. Some black women feel as though they are getting back to their natural roots and some like the fact that’s its less maintenance and a quick and easy 5 minutes in the bathroom and go. With natural hair you can wear your hair straight or curly. Black women are taking control of their hair and saying that my hair is beautiful and I love it. The fact that as a women hair is cherished it’s the thing that makes the makeup or the outfit just go WOW. Not all women may see it as that though some women may just be more environmental friendly and know that the chemicals that they was putting in their hair was killing their hair and causing a lot of long term damage to their hair and body. The effect on your hair with natural hair isn’t the same as if that hair was relaxed the fullness and nice even flow wouldn’t be the same and that’s what a lot of women are after, they want their hair to flow in the wind when they are driving down the highway with the windows rolled all the way down and their favorite song is blasting on the radio. I know I wouldn’t want to be doing that and my hair was stiff and didn’t move when I moved. The one downside to having natural hair is making sure that it is always moisturized the curlier the follicle the drier it can be. With natural hair humidity and weather conditions like rain and snow, don’t change the styling composition of natural hair, so walking in the rain is not something to stress over unless its straight it might just curl up. Relaxed Hair Black women who relax their hair may not be trying to go against their race it just might be their preference to what they like or what they are used to. Some women are scared to go to the natural look because of how long it may take or the fact they may have to cut their hair off. There is nothing to be scared of it’s a transition but at the end of the day if you are patient with yourself and your hair you will be glad you did it. If a person is not educated on the goods and bad of hair and hair products then they may end up sticking with what they know. Relaxers reconstruct the natural hair strands and the texture of the hair. Relaxing your hair may make it more manageable but it has its setbacks. When the bond is broken allowing kinky hair to become straight it weakens the hair follicles. Because of this, relaxed hair is more susceptible to breakage. The chemicals that are made to put into the hair to get it straight are dangerous they can burn the hair and cause major damage to the hair and the body. I have been around when my mother who is natural with locks have walked into a room and women just start asking her questions about her hair because it is different it’s not straight nor curly and they want to know how the transition was for her to take her hair to the level that it is now. How did she get their what was her decision like to get their? Those questions where easily answered by my mother she knew that what she was putting in her hair and her two daughters hair was not the best idea she had seem what the affect from having an over-processed relaxer can do to the hair, her biggest example me, my hair was like relaxer grand central every other month I would get a touch up. At one point my mother decided that she was going to let me go natural and my mother remembers everything about my sister and I so when I was going through my first transition she realized my hair wasn’t as thick and full as it was before I started getting all of the relaxers this was her sign that she didn’t want me to have any more relaxers but she also didn’t know what to do with my hair and putting a lot of heat on the hair isn’t good for the hair either so it was back to the relaxers. That experienced caused her to learn more about the hair and what relaxers are really made of. If you are an educated person and can’t read the ingredients then it shouldn’t go in the hair without some research on what that word means and does to the hair. I can speak all day from a cultural standpoint on being happy and nappy but I also have the professional background to support my opinion. I am less than 100 hours from completing my cosmetology degree and professionally speaking it is not natural for black women to be un-natural. The less black women try to conform the better their experience is as women will be. As the black culture begins to transition from being addicted to those things that â€Å"White America† has used to define us, the more and more empowered black women will be to accepting their Napturality! Works Cited Tyra banks good hair Megami284. What Is Good Hair? Tyra (Part 1). YouTube. YouTube, 17 May 2009. Web. 21 Sept. 2012. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=ZeXUm8OOUA8. Fountain, John W. Why Are African-American Women Criticizing Gabby Douglas Hair? Chicago Sun-Times. N. p. , 8 Aug. 2012. Web. 30 Sept. 2012. http://www. suntimes.com/news/fountain/14336049-452/why-are-african-american-women-criticizing-gabby-douglas-hair. html. Turnquest, Kendra. Natural vs Relaxed Hair. Natural VS Relaxed Hair. Black Hair Media, 31 Jan. 2012. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. http://blackhairmedia. com/naturalcorner/natural-vs-relaxed-hair/. Kwateng, Danielle. Madame Noire | Black Womens Lifestyle Guide | Black Hair | Black Love. Madame Noire | Black Womens Lifestyle Guide | Black Hair | Black Love. Madame Noire, 21 June 2010. Web. 06 Oct. 2012. http://madamenoire. com/5805/relaxed-vs-natural-hair-the-great-debate/. GoodHairMovie. Good Hair Ft. Chris Rock- HD Official Trailer. YouTube. YouTube, 31 July 2009. Web. 28 Sept. 2012. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=1m-4qxz08So. Speech Outline 1. Introduction a. Hook b. Background c. Thesis 2. Body paragraphs d. Statement=topic sentence=research point e. Extension=introduce example (source) f. Elaboration=give the reseachand connect it to thesis explain what it supports/proves about topic g. Clincher=sum up point and lead into next one 3. Conclusion h. Re-connect to introduction(full-circle ending) i. Restate thesis j. Synthesis main points k. Final thought/look to future l. Thanks to audience.

Human Values and Ethics - What Science Cannot Discover, Mankind Cannot Know :: Philosophy Essays

Human Valuse and Ethics - What Science Cannot Discover, Mankind Cannot Know Those who maintain the insufficiency of science, as we have seen in the last two chapters, appeal to the fact that science has nothing to say about "values." This I admit; but when it is inferred that ethics contains truths which cannot be proved or disproved by science, I disagree. The matter is one on which it is not altogether easy to think clearly, and my own views on it are quite different from what they were thirty years ago. But it is necessary to be clear about it if we are to appraise such arguments as those in support of Cosmic Purpose. As there is no consensus of opinion about ethics, it must be understood that what follows is my personal belief, not the dictum of science. The study of ethics, traditionally, consists of two parts, one concerned with moral rules, the other with what is good on its own account. Rules of conduct, many of which have a ritual origin, play a great part in the lives of savages and primitive peoples. It is forbidden to eat out of the chief's dish, or to seethe the kid in its mother's milk; it is commanded to offer sacrifices to the gods, which, at a certain stage of development, are thought most acceptable if they are human beings. Other moral rules, such as the prohibition of murder and theft, have a more obvious social utility, and survive the decay of the primitive theological systems with which they were originally associated. But as men grow more reflective there is a tendency to lay less stress on rules and more on states of mind. This comes from two sources - philosophy and mystical religion. We are all familiar with passages in the prophets and the gospels, in which purity of heart is set above meticulous observance of the Law; and St. Paul's famous praise of charity, or love, teaches the same principle. The same thing will be found in all great mystics, Christian and non-Christian: what they values is a state of mind, out of which, as they hold, right conduct must ensue; rules seem to them external, and insufficiently adaptable to circumstances. One of the ways in which the need of appealing to external rules of conduct has been avoided has been the belief in "conscience," which has been especially important in Protestant ethics.

3-dimensional (3D) packaging technology Essay

Introduction 3-dimensional (3D) packaging technology is a method used to provide volumetric packaging solution in products. This technology uses the height, otherwise known as the third or z-dimension, for achieving higher levels of integration and performance in the products. 3D technology chiefly helps in the space-efficient integration of the multi-media functions in the products. The present trend among the consumers is to look out for products, having the maximum functionality in the smallest and lightest possible package. This demand for more functions in the smallest volume, calls for higher memory capacity, which in turn demands more complex and efficient architectures. In addition, the new product designs in digital handbook, cell phones, digital cameras, PDAs and music players, require that these features are integrated using innovative technical form factors and architectures. See more: Social process essay The 3D packaging in recent times has been associated with the delivering of the highest level of silicon integration and area efficiency at the lowest cost, smallest size and best performance.   This has resulted in higher growth and brought in newer applications, for the technology. This growth trend in the 3D technology can be seen since the year 1995. Prior to this, the most efficient and economic way to provide more functionality to an electronic system was to integrate all these functions onto the individual chips using the system on Chip, SOC. However, this method was becoming costlier and also less efficient, as the number of functions to be integrated in a single chip further increased. In addition, some chips that could be integrated together logically were mechanically incompatible, due to the different die materials used. The present day technologies in high density packaging have reached a very advanced stage. Now a single chip system can be very efficiently split into multiple dies, so as to provide better performance at lower manufacturing costs. Over the past few years, die stacking has emerged as a powerful packaging option for satisfying challenging IC packaging requirements. It works by integrating chips vertically in a single package. This increases the amount of silicon per unit area, which leads to a smaller package footprint, hence conserving system-board real estate. In addition, it enables shorter routing interconnects from chip to chip, speeding the signaling between them. Heterogeneous devices can also be stacked using this technology. There is an additional benefit of the simplification of surface-mount system-board assembly, due to the lesser number of components being placed on the board. Vias – Due to the increasing number of dies in a stack, the designers are facing the challenge of meeting the temperature design specification. One method to counter this is to provide a thermal path from each individual die to a substrate using thermal vias. These thermal vias can be implemented using several methods. One of the approaches is to have a thermal die that thermally connects each die to the substrate. The heat from each die is conducted rapidly from one end of the board to another, either through the die attach or the vias. Thermal vias are made of copper runs providing the a path of least thermal resistance, and so heat is transferred through the vias in a proportion much greater than the area of the vias. Usually one end of via is attached to the IC and the other end is attached to a heat sink. Thermal vias work very well with flip-chip devices. With no additional space required for the heat conduction, these are considered as a mini-thermal solution. Through Silicon Vias – Through silicon vias, TSVs, are vertical structures in between the chips that are used as an interconnection to eliminate the existing wire bonds. These allow for the shortest electrical path between two sides of wafers or die, used for 3D die-to-die, die-to-wafer, MEMS wafer level packaging. A TSV, 3-D chip stacking process hence provides a means of implementing complex, multi chip systems entirely in silicon. TSVs. By the vertical stacking of the blocks using this technology, the wire length of interconnects can significantly be reduced. Vias provide both electrical and thermal path. In this paper, the thermal enhancement realized by the vias is discussed along with trying to find out a way to remove heat from the dies. The power applied to the dies is between 5-10 watts power. We found that one such method was to use silicon dies.    Objective of the Study The methodology of the present study will be explained in detail in the next section. The study focuses on the following points: A study was made on the heat transfer enhancement of the stacked die geometry using Through Silicon vias, TSVs, on the die pad location. Different schemes were studied. The use of the TSVs to reduce the maximum junction temperature accumulated at the wafers was studied The exact placement of vias   to optimize thermal management, was done Finally, a study of the thermo-mechanical issues, which occurred when TSVs are used, was made. Methodology The figure below explains the methodology used for this study. First, the package components including the vias were created using Pro /Engineer Wildfire. After this the material property was defined and the various components were assembled. The entire geometry and the properties were then imported to Ansys workbench. Here, the Boundary conditions were defined and implemented. Finally, the end result, which is the thermal enhancement of the die geometry, was evaluated. Modeling Methodology Any device’s thermal properties can be expressed as a part of an electrical circuit diagram. If, ÃŽ ¸JA is the thermal resistance between junction, and ambience given in â„Æ'/W, then mathematically ÃŽ ¸JA can be expressed as bewlow: The geometry is created using Pro-e, as mentioned in the previous section. Here, every element should be saved in the UDF library. This is done, so as to make it possible to retrace various parts for assembly. In this assembly area, the area contact is done using the mate option, and the vertical and horizontal lines can be joined using the align option. For the analysis, a molded Ball Grid Array, BGA, stacked package has been considered. The package substrate is 9Ãâ€"9 mm in area and is 0.3 mm thick. A fully populated solder ball matrix with a ball count of 56 and a pitch of 0.8 mm is used. The stand off height after reflow is 0.2 mm. The thickness of the mold compound cap is 1.20 mm with the same dimensions as the package substrate. The diameter of the thermal vias is 0.20mm and its thickness is 0.86mm. The stacked packages have 16 vias and 9 vias. This paper compares the junction temperature of stacked dice with and without vias. Three different package architectures were modeled, viz. [a] Stacked with spacers die, [b] Rotated stack die, [b] Pyramid stack die as shown in figure. Three non-volatile dies measuring 6.4Ãâ€"4.8 mm, with a thickness of 0.2 mm, form the spacer die. Die thickness is 0.25mm in rotated die. The bottom PCB is made of a die measuring 32Ãâ€"24 mm, with a thickness of 0.6 mm. In the spacer stack die, dummy die is 5.6Ãâ€"4.0, with a thickness of 0.08mm. For this paper, solderball geometry is modeled closely approximating the real solderball. In solderball geometry, mid diameter is 0.43mm, and top and bottom diameter is 0.33mm, with a height of 0.33mm. Solderball distance is 0.8mm. These dimensions are not specific to a particular package. They are based on values found in present market for a typical molded BGA stack package. The details of the package dimensions and material properties of the components is shown in the below. Simulation and Case Studies While doing the Simulation using the Ansys workbench, the following boundary conditions need to be applied to all the faces of the modeling and to the PCB. The film coefficient is 10W/m ²  ºC and the Ambient Temperature is 50 ºC. Also a power of 0.3 W ia applied to each of the three dies. By dividing area 0.3W / 6.5Ãâ€"4.8 (Die area), we can get a heat flux as 9765 W/m ². The main physics behind the technology is providing a smooth and effective heat transfer path. Due to the high thermal conductivity of the copper i.e. the thermal vias, a proportion of the heat much greater than the surface area of the vias will be transferred. As mentioned in the section above, for the baseline simulation, an effective heat transfer coefficient of 10 W/m ²- ºC with 50 ºc ambient temperature was applied on the top of the mold cap, and the top and bottom surfaces of the circuit board. For all the three types of stacks, the result was a junction temperature of 116.2 ºC with no vias. When 9 vias were included, for the same heat transfer coefficient, the junction temperature was reduced to 111.7 ºC, results in a decrease of around 3.6% of the maximum temperature in each of the architectures. By increasing via count to 16 we got the junction temperature to 110.7 ºC effectively reducing the junction temperature by 4.49% of the maximum temperature in each of packaging. The figure below explains the proportional vector plot of heat flux in ANSYS Workbench, where the heat flow path can be seen, which densely collects at the via location. This heat flux is a negative heat flux which is flowing away from the surface and takes away energy out of the body in the form of heat Vias can also provide a means of customizing the heat transfer process for devices with a highly non-uniform power distribution. This is especially important for high density interconnects where the device has highly non-uniform power map. Test Cases There were 12 case studies conducted on the simulation test tool. As mentioned earlier, each case was tested with and without vias, and the corresponding temperature plot was drawn. In each case the maximum and minimum temperatures achieved were also noted. For one of the cases it was found that the particular test case no 11 gave a lesser temperature, in the range of 60-70 degrees. The following is a description of the 12 test cases: Case 1 – The first case consisted of the Dies showing the temperature plot at the film coefficient of 200W/m ²Ã‚ ºC. The power applied to the top die, die with vias and the bottom die was 6watts, 2watts, and 2 watts respectively. The maximum temperature achieved was 316.459  ºC and the minimum temperature was 269.908  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 317.2  ºC and minimum temperature as 269.591  ºC. Case 2 – For the second case, the Boundary conditions applied were a film co-efficient of 200W/m ²Ã‚ ºc and Power of 2 watts applied equally on all the three dice. The maximum temperature achieved was 216.363  ºC and the minimum temperature was 169.568  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 217.140  ºC and minimum temperature as 169.55  ºC. Case 3 – For this case, copper was used as the substrate mask and the film coefficient was 400 W/m ²c º. The maximum temperature achieved was 178.739  ºC and the minimum temperature was 144.488  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 179.426  ºC and minimum temperature as 144.463  ºC. The Observation of the above results showed that the temperature difference with and without Vias was only 1 ºC. Case 4 – For this case, convection was applied on board and top die. The power applied to on top, middle and bottom dies was 4watts, 3watts, and 3watts respectively. The maximum temperature achieved was 93.775  ºC and the minimum temperature was 36.098  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave very slight change in the plot, the maximum temperature as 93.911  ºC and minimum temperature as 36.105  ºC. Case 5 – For this case, the Film co-efficient of 400W/m ²c º on top of the top die and 15W/m ²c º on the Pwb. Also 5watts power was applied to each of the dies. The maximum temperature achieved was 209.345  ºC and the minimum temperature was 128.857  ºC. It was seen that the minimum Temperature occurs at the top die where the vias were present. Applying same conditions without vias gave very slight change in the plot, the maximum temperature as 210.878  ºC and minimum temperature as 128.739  ºC, i.e. a drop of only 1.6  ºC was observed. Case 6 – For this case, germanium die was used, instead of silicon die. The maximum temperature achieved was 223.052  ºC and the minimum temperature was 118.468  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave very slight change in the plot, the maximum temperature as 225.219  ºC and minimum temperature as 118.286  ºC, i.e. a drop of 2.6  ºC in the Junction temperature was observed. Case 7 – For this case, the Film co-efficient on board was 300 W/m ²c º, the Film co-efficient on top surface was 400W/m ²Ã‚ ºc, and 5 watts power applied on both dies. The maximum temperature achieved was 119.575  ºC and the minimum temperature was 43.411  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 120.076  ºC and minimum temperature as 43/504  ºC. The maximum change in Junction temperature, with and without vias was observed.0.5  ºC. Case 8 – In this case, a very high thermal conductive material has been used For the through silicon vias (ie.600 W/m ºc). The maximum temperature achieved was 119.575  ºC and the minimum temperature was 43.411  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 95.315  ºC and minimum temperature as 36.347  ºC. The maximum temperature between i.e. a drop of 2.6  ºC in the Junction temperature was observed.0.5  ºC. Though high conductive vias were used there is no significant drop in the maximum temperature in the dice. Case 9 – The following case used TSVs with the application of higher power( 7 watts) on the top die than the Other two dice i.e.., 2 watts on the die with vias and 1 watt on the bottom Die. The maximum temperature achieved was 97.657  ºC and the minimum temperature was 39.063  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 97.889  ºC and minimum temperature as 39.032  ºC. As seen, the TSVs made a vnegligile difference of 0.5  ºC. Case 10 – In this case, the total power on the dice was 5 watts and the power on the die with vias was 5 watts. The maximum temperature achieved was 61.754  ºC, which was the least temperature, and the minimum temperature was 29.576  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 61.871  ºC and minimum temperature as 29.55  ºC. Case 11– In this case, the substrate and substrate mask thickness is drastically reduced to 0.075mm and 0.085mm. The maximum temperature achieved was 93.697  ºC and the minimum temperature was 36.079  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 93.775  ºC and minimum temperature as 36.067  ºC. Case 12 – In this case, the simulation was done by applying high power of 6 watts on the top die and 2 watts each on the middle and bottom die. The maximum temperature achieved was 88.320  ºC and the minimum temperature was 35.481  ºC. Applying same conditions without vias gave the maximum temperature as 88.512  ºC and minimum temperature as 35.445  ºC. Conclusion In this paper elaborate study has been done in analyzing the effect of thermal vias on the die and ways to bring down the junction temperature by reduce count. Thermal enhancement was tested by running the thermal simulation with various test cases, and also with / without thermal vias. The Temperature profile of the entire stacked die geometry was plotted in Ansys Workbench. It was found that Thermally Through Silicon vias in this particular package did not give a significant effect on performance because of less area of vias and package construction. The use of silicon die did give a lesser temperature as compared to other materials. Future studies will focus on doing the stress analysis of this package with vias, using techniques like thermal shocks for profiling the thermal properties this package in further detail.

Benefits of Online Shopping

Benefits of Online Shopping: 1) Convenience: The convenience of this method of shopping is the best advantage of online shopping. One does not have to wait in a line or wait till the shop assistant is ready to help with the purchases. Shopping can be done in minutes even if one is busy apart from saving time and avoiding crowds. Online shops give the opportunity to shop 24 x 7 and also reward us with a ‘no pollution’ shopping. There is no better place to buy information products like e-books. Immediately after the payment is made one can download the information.And downloadable items purchased online eliminate the need for any kind of material goods at all. 2) Better Prices: The cheap deals and better prices we can get from online stores is fascinating because products come to you direct from the manufacturer or seller without middlemen involved. Many online shops offer discount coupons and rebates. Apart from this, the Online Store is only required to collect sales tax if they have a physical location in our state even if we buy from a store across the world. ) Variety: The choices you can get for products are amazing. One can get several brands and products from different sellers at one place. You can get in on the latest international trends without spending money on airfare. When you shop online, you can shop from retailers in other parts of the country or even the world without being limited by geographic area. These stores offer a far greater selection of colors and sizes than you will find locally. ) Send Gifts: Online Shopping makes sending gifts to relatives and friends easy, no matter where ever they stay. Now there is no need of making distance an excuse for not sending a gift on occasions like Birthday, Wedding Anniversary, Marriage, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day etc. 5) Fewer Expenses: Many times when we opt for conventional shopping we tend to spend a lot more than the required shopping expenses on things like eating ou t, traveling, impulsive shopping etc. ) Comparison of Prices: Online shops make comparison and research of products and prices possible. Online stores also give you the ability to share information and reviews with other shoppers who have first-hand experience with a product or retailer. 7) Crowds: Crowds force us to do a hurried shopping most of the time. Grumpy or irritating people and those who smell bad are a huge turn off. Crowds also create a problem when it comes to finding a parking place nearby where you want to shop and going back to your vehicle later loaded with shopping bags. ) Compulsive Shopping: Many times when we go out on Shopping we end up buying things which we do not require because of the shop keepers up selling skills. Sometimes we even compromise on our choices because of the lack of choices in those shops. 9) Buying Old or unused Stuff at low prices: Online Shops make it possible for us to buy old or unused stuff at rock bottom prices. If we want to buy anti ques there is no better options than online stores. 10) Discreet Purchases: Some things are better done in privacy. Online shops are also best for discreet purchases like adult toys, sexy lingerie and so on.

The new England primer Essays

The new England primer Essays The new England primer Essay The new England primer Essay Their view of God was that they believed their God was holy but harsh. They thought no matter how good they were they would still be punished by him. Puritans based everything they did on God , Which shows how important he was to them. 2. The Puritans values were to their religion. To please God because he is the one who decides everything , especially fate of their lives and to live his word. They have important values of life, the importance of home and family the simplistic lifestyle hey lead , their gods almighty providence. To live a pure holy life based around God. To teach their children how to base their lives on God. 3. The Puritans define truth as The Bible. 4. They have a Pessimistic view of life. They believed they were living as sinners and were evil and had to work for Gods forgiveness. (http://prize. Com/vow_logically/ puritans) 5. Puritans view of work and worldly success was to please God. Everything they did from work to education to everything in life was based on him. They were scared they ere going to be punished so they tried as hard as they could to live in his word and to always please him. Nee lived a sin-free life. 7. The Puritans main authority was God ; they lived by his word. 8. Puritans did believe in education , but their education was based on The Bible and God. Children learned the Alphabet based on The Bible. They used The New England Prime to learn the Alphabet. The New England Primer associated each letter with a biblical rhyme. 9. Puritans view man as evil and sinful. To them everyone was doomed to hell but you st ill had to try and live Gods word

The Impact of Wheeled Vehicles on Human History

The Impact of Wheeled Vehicles on Human History The inventions of the wheel and wheeled vehicles–wagons or carts which are supported and moved around by round wheels–had a profound effect on human economy and society. As a way to efficiently carry goods for long distances, wheeled vehicles allowed for the broadening of trade networks. With access to a wider market, craftspeople could more easily specialize, and communities could expand if there was no need to live close to food production areas. In a very real sense, wheeled vehicles facilitated periodic farmers markets. Not all changes brought by wheeled vehicles were good ones, however: With the wheel, imperialist elites were able to expand their range of control, and wars could be waged farther afield. Key Takeaways: Invention of the Wheel The earliest evidence for wheel use is that of drawings on clay tablets, found nearly simultaneously throughout the Mediterranean region about 3500 BCE.  Parallel innovations dated about the same time as the wheeled vehicle are the domestication of the horse and prepared trackways.  Wheeled vehicles are helpful, but not necessary, for the introduction of extensive trade networks and markets, craft specialists, imperialism, and the growth of settlements in different complex societies.   Parallel Innovations It wasnt simply the invention of wheels alone that created these changes. Wheels are most useful in combination with suitable draft animals such as horses and oxen, as well as prepared roadways. The earliest planked roadway we know of, Plumstead in the United Kingdom, dates to about the same time as the wheel, 5,700 years ago. Cattle were domesticated about 10,000 years ago and horses probably about 5,500 years ago. Wheeled vehicles were in use across Europe by the third millennium BCE, as evidenced by the discovery of clay models of high sided four-wheeled carts throughout the Danube and Hungarian plains, such as that from the site of Szigetszentmarton in Hungary. More than 20 wooden wheels dated to the late and final Neolithic have been discovered in different wetland contexts across central Europe, between about 3300–2800 BCE. Wheels were invented in the Americas, too, but because draft animals were not available, wheeled vehicles were not an American innovation. Trade flourished in the Americas, as did craft specialization, imperialism and wars, road construction, and the expansion of settlements, all without wheeled vehicles: but theres no doubt that having the wheel did drive (pardon the pun) many social and economic changes in Europe and Asia. Earliest Evidence The earliest evidence for wheeled vehicles appears simultaneously in Southwest Asia and Northern Europe, about 3500 BCE. In Mesopotamia, that evidence is from images, pictographs representing four-wheeled wagons found inscribed on clay tablets dated to the late Uruk period of Mesopotamia. Models of solid wheels, carved from limestone or modeled in clay, have been found in Syria and Turkey, at sites dated approximately a century or two later. Although long-standing tradition credits the southern Mesopotamian civilization with the invention of wheeled vehicles, today scholars are less certain, as there appears to be a nearly simultaneous record of use throughout the Mediterranean basin. Scholars are divided as to whether this is the result of the rapid dissemination of a single invention or multiple independent innovations. In technological terms, the earliest wheeled vehicles appear to have been four-wheeled, as determined from models identified at Uruk (Iraq) and Bronocice (Poland). A two-wheeled cart is illustrated at the end of the fourth millennium BCE, at Lohne-Engelshecke, Germany (~3402–2800 cal BCE (calendar years BCE). The earliest wheels were single piece discs, with a cross-section roughly approximating the spindle whorl- that is, thicker in the middle and thinning to the edges. In Switzerland and southwestern Germany, the earliest wheels were fixed to a rotating axle through a square mortise, so that the wheels turned together with the axle. Elsewhere in Europe and the Near East, the axle was fixed and straight, and the wheels turned independently. When wheels turn freely from the axle, a drayman can turn the cart without having to drag the outside wheel. Wheel Ruts and Pictographs The oldest known evidence of wheeled vehicles in Europe comes from the Flintbek site, a Funnel Beaker culture near Kiel, Germany, dated to 3420–3385 cal BCE. A series of parallel cart tracks was identified beneath the northwestern half of the long barrow at Flintbek, measuring just over 65 ft (20 m) long and consisting of two parallel sets of wheel ruts, up to two ft (60 cm) wide. Each single wheel rut was 2–2.5 in (5–6 cm) wide, and the gauge of the wagons has been estimated at 3.5–4 ft (1.1–1.2 m) wide. On the islands of Malta and Gozo, a number of cart ruts have been found which may or may not be associated with the construction of the Neolithic temples there. At Bronocice in Poland, a Funnel Beaker site located 28 mi (45 km) northeast of Krakà ³w, a ceramic vessel (a beaker) was painted with several, repeated images of a schematic of a four-wheel wagon and yoke, as part of the design. The beaker is associated with cattle bone dated to 3631–3380 cal BCE. Other pictographs are known from Switzerland, Germany, and Italy; two wagon pictographs are also known from the Eanna precinct, level 4A at Uruk, dated to 2815/-85 BCE (4765/-85 BP [5520 cal BP]), a third is from Tell Uqair: both these sites are in what is today Iraq. Reliable dates indicate that two- and four-wheeled vehicles were known from the mid-fourth millennium BCE throughout most of Europe. Single wheels made of wood have been identified from Denmark and Slovenia. Models of Wheeled Wagons While miniature models of wagons are useful to the archaeologist, because they are explicit, information-bearing artifacts, they must also have had some specific meaning and significance in the various regions where they were used. Models are known from Mesopotamia, Greece, Italy, the Carpathian basin, the Pontic region in Greece, India, and China. Complete life-sized vehicles are also known from Holland, Germany, and Switzerland, occasionally used as funeral objects. A wheel model carved out of chalk was recovered from the late Uruk site of Jebel Aruda in Syria. This asymmetrical disk measures 3 in (8 cm) in diameter and 1 in (3 cm) thick, and wheel  as hubs on both sides. A second wheel model was discovered at the Arslantepe site in Turkey. This disc made of clay measured 3 in (7.5 cm) in diameter and has a central hole where presumably the axle would have gone. This site also includes local wheel-thrown imitations of the simplified form of late Uruk pottery. One recently reported miniature model comes from the site of Nemesndudvar, an early Bronze Age through Late Medieval site located near the town of Nemesndudvar, County Bcs-Kiskun, Hungary. The model was discovered along with various pottery fragments and animal bones in a part of the settlement dated to the early Bronze Age. The model is 10.4 in (26.3 cm) long, 5.8 in (14.9 cm) wide, and has a height of 2.5 in (8.8 cm). Wheels and axles for the model were not recovered, but the round feet were perforated as if they had existed at one time. The model is made out of clay tempered with crushed ceramics and fired to brownish gray color. The bed of the wagon is rectangular, with straight-sided short ends, and curved edges on the long side. The feet are cylindrical; the entire piece is decorated in zoned, parallel chevrons and oblique lines. Ulan IV, Burial 15, Kurgan 4 In 2014, archaeologist Natalia Shishlina and colleagues reported the recovery of a dismantled four-wheeled full-sized wagon, direct-dated to between 2398–2141 cal BCE. This Early Bronze Age Steppe Society (specifically East Manych Catacomb culture) site in Russia contained the interment of an elderly man, whose grave goods also included a bronze knife and rod, and a turnip-shaped pot. The rectangular wagon frame measured 5.4x2.3 ft (1.65x0.7 m) and the wheels, supported by horizontal axles, were 1.6 ft (.48 m) in diameter. Side panels were constructed of horizontally placed planks; and the interior was probably covered with reed, felt, or woolen mat. Curiously, the different parts of the wagon were made of a variety of wood, including elm, ash, maple, and oak. Sources Bakker, Jan Albert, et al. The Earliest Evidence of Wheeled Vehicles in Europe and the near East. Antiquity 73.282 (1999): 778–90. Print.Bondr, Mria, and Gyà ¶rgy V. Szà ©kely. A New Early Bronze Age Wagon Model from the Carpathian Basin. World Archaeology 43.4 (2011): 538–53. Print.Bulliet, Richard W. The Wheel- Inventions Reinventions. New York: Columbia University Press, 2016. Print.Klimscha, Florian. Cultural Diversity in Prehistoric Western Eurasia: How Were Innovations Diffused and Re-Invented in Ancient Times? Claroscuro 16.16 (2018): 1-30. Print.Mischka, Doris. The Neolithic Burial Sequence at Flintbek La 3, North Germany, and Its Cart Tracks: A Precise Chronology. Antiquity 85.329 (2011): 742–58. Print.Sax, Margaret, Nigel D. Meeks, and Dominique Collon. The Introduction of the Lapidary Engraving Wheel in Mesopotamia. Antiquity 74.284 (2015): 380–87. Print.Schier, Wolfram. Central and Eastern Europe. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe. Eds . Fowler, Chris, Jan Harding and Daniela Hofmann. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Shishlina, N.I., D. S. Kovalev, and E. R. Ibragimova. Catacomb Culture Wagons of the Eurasian Steppes. Antiquity 88.340 (2014): 378–94. Print.Vandkilde, Helle. Breakthrough of the Nordic Bronze Age: Transcultural Warriorhood and a Carpathian Crossroad in the Sixteenth Century BC. European Journal of Archaeology 17.4 (2014): 602–33. Print.

Diversity in Your Company or Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diversity in Your Company or Organization - Essay Example My organization is one of the many beginning to actively promote diversity education and awareness in the workplace. Ideally, every person should be treated equally when it comes to getting a job, advancing in their career, and being treated fairly in the workplace. Realistically, this is often not the case (Workplace Diversity for African, Hispanic (Latino), and Asian Americans, 2004). According to Gingrich, many times the "talents and skills of [diverse] persons often go unrecognized" (2000, p. 14). My organization makes it a point to recognize everyones abilities and talents across a variety of orientations and to give credit where it is due. We hire and promote people of all different races, cultures, backgrounds, sexual orientations, and people with special needs, as well as others who can contribute specific skills and talents to the organization. My company is proof that "diversity contributes to the bottom line by making it easier to retain good employees, lowering costs by d eveloping skills in-house, and developing a reputation that helps attract new employees" (Corporate Culture and Diversity, 2004). It is a privilege to be a part of a company that comes very close to truly defining the phrase melting pot, a locality in which a blending of races, peoples or cultures takes place (Random House Websters Dictionary, 1998). Although it is admirable that we, as an organization, are so aware of diversity in the workplace and continue promoting it, diversity is not always easy for every individual in the organization to appreciate. Yes, our employees do value and embrace the differences of those around them. However, it has become apparent to me in this organization that diversity can also have an adverse affect within an organization. I am finding that although we are a diverse group of people, we also tend to segregate